What are the three difference between strict and product liability?

Understanding the Distinctions Between Strict Liability and Product Liability

Product liability and strict liability are legal concepts that play crucial roles in cases involving defective products. While they share common ground, there are distinctive differences between the two that shape the legal landscape for manufacturers, consumers, and the overall product safety framework.

1. Foundation of Liability:

Product Liability:

Product liability is a legal framework that holds manufacturers, distributors, and sellers responsible for placing a defective product into the hands of consumers. To establish a product liability claim, plaintiffs typically need to prove that the product was defective, and the defect caused harm while being used as intended.

Strict Liability:

Strict liability, on the other hand, broadens the scope by holding parties liable for damages without requiring proof of negligence or fault. In a strict liability claim, the focus is on the inherent danger of a product and whether it caused harm, irrespective of the level of care exercised by the manufacturer.

2. Legal Basis:

Product Liability:

Product liability often involves claims based on negligence, strict liability, or breach of warranty. Negligence requires proving that the defendant failed to meet a reasonable standard of care. Breach of warranty claims may arise when a product doesn’t meet the express or implied promises made by the manufacturer.

Strict Liability:

Strict liability eliminates the need to prove negligence. It arises from the principle that certain activities or products are so inherently dangerous that anyone engaging in those activities or producing those products is responsible for harm caused.

3. Defenses Available:

Product Liability:

Manufacturers often have defenses in product liability cases. They may argue that the product was altered after leaving their control, misused by the consumer, or that the consumer assumed the risk of using the product.

Strict Liability:

Strict liability limits the availability of defenses. Even if the user misuses the product or assumes some risk, these factors might not absolve the defendant of liability. The focus remains on the dangerous nature of the product.

Understanding these differences is crucial for both manufacturers seeking to mitigate risks and consumers seeking legal recourse for harm caused by defective products. Whether navigating product liability or strict liability, legal advice and expert guidance are essential for all parties involved.